Centos 6 Oracle 12C 超详细安装

时间：2022-03-05 18:19

	Install Oracle Database 12c. Before Installing, Change some settings for requirements of installing Oracle database.
[1]	.
[2]	Install some packages first.

[root@dlp ~]#

-y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc-devel.i686 ksh libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 ibXext ibXext.i686 libX11 libX11.i686 libxcb libxcb.i686 libXi libXi.i686 make sysstat

[3]	Edit Kernel parameters.

[root@dlp ~]#

/etc/sysctl.conf

# comment out

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0

net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0

# add follows to the end

kernel.shmmni=4096
kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max=6815744
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default=262144
net.core.rmem_max=4194304
net.core.wmem_default=262144
net.core.wmem_max=1048576

[root@dlp ~]#

-p

net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0
kernel.sysrq = 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.msgmax = 65536
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[4]	Create user and groups for Oracle Database.

[root@dlp ~]#

i=54321; for group in oinstall dba backupdba oper dgdba kmdba; do
groupadd -g $i $group; i=`expr $i + 1`
done

[root@dlp ~]#

-u 1200 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba -d /home/oracle oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

oracle

Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@dlp ~]#

-p /u01/app/oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

-R oracle:oinstall /u01/app

[root@dlp ~]#

-R 775 /u01

[root@dlp ~]#

/etc/pam.d/login

# near line 14: add

[5]

Switch to a user "Oracle" and configure some settings.

dlp login:

oracle

Password:

[oracle@dlp ~]$

~/.bash_profile

# add follows to the end

umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

# create a temporary directory for installation

[oracle@dlp ~]$

tmp

	Install Oracle Database 12c.
[1]	.


[2]	Download Oracle Databse 12c for Linux and upload on your server.
[3]	After uploading Oracle files, move to a tmp directory and run an Installer like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

tmp

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

./database/runInstaller

[4]	Oracle Installer starts like follows. First, Set your email address and password for receiving some infomation from Oracle like security issues and so on.


[5]	On this example, Select "Install database software only".


[6]	On this example, Select "Single Instance Database ***".


[7]	Select your language.


[8]	Select which edition you install.


[9]	Specify the base directory and files for Oracle. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.


[10]	Specify the installed directory. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.


[11]	Specify the priviledged group. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.


[12]	The summary is shown for configuration. Click "Finish" if it‘s OK all.


[13]	Installation starts.


[14]	Following screen is shown, then open a terminal and execute follwong commands with the root user.


[root@dlp ~]# /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[15]	Installation completed. Click "Close" button.


[16]	Configure some settings for Oracle user.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

~/.bash_profile

# add follows to the end

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

[oracle@dlp ~]$

source ~/.bash_profile

[oracle@dlp ~]$

-rf tmp

	Create Oracle Net Listener that is a network service on Oracle.
[1]	Login with the "oracle" user and input a command "netca" like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ netca

[2]	Check a box "Listener Configuration" and go next.


[3]	Go next.


[4]	Set Listner‘s name. Input any one you like.


[5]	This example goes next with keeping default "TCP".


[6]	Set a port. This example goes next with keeping default.


[7]	If you‘d like to create more Listeners, Answer "Yes". This example selects "No".


[8]	Configuration completed.


[9]	Click "Finish" to quit. After finishing, Confirm the status by "netstat" comand. Then you‘ll see "tnslsnr" listens 1521 port.

Create a Database.

[1] Login with the "oracle" user and input a command "dbca" like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$ dbca

[2]	Select "Create Database" and go next.


[3]	On this example, select "Advanced Mode" and go next.


[4]	This example selects "General Purpose ***" and go next.


[5]	Set Grobal Database name and SID like follows. Input any one you like.


[6]	This example goes next with keeping default.


[7]	Set passwords. Please set a password for a user for security.


[8]	Configure Listener. On this example, keep default and go next.


[9]	Configure Storage settings. On this example, keep default and go next.


[10]	Configure sample schema and scripts. If you‘d like to add them, Set them.


[11]	Configure memory settings. After setting, go to next tab.


[12]	Specify max processes.


[13]	Set Character setting.


[14]	Select a connection mode. If your server does not have many clients, Select Dedicated server mode. If your server has many clients, Select Shared server mode.


[15]	Go next.


[16]	Configuration completed. Click "Finish" button to finish.


[17]	Database creation starts.


[18]	After completing to create a database, Click "Close" to finish.


[19]	Access to the URL that is shown on finished screen above with web browser, then follwing screen is shown. Input a user name and password that you configured on the section [7].


[20]	Just logined. It‘s possible to manage the database on here.

Create an init Script to make Oracle start automatically on system booting.

[1] Set environment variables for "oracle" user like follows.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

/etc/oratab

# end line: change

dlp:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1:

[oracle@dlp ~]$

~/.bash_profile

# add follows to the end

export ORACLE_SID=dlp

[2]	Create an init Script with the root user.

[root@dlp ~]#

/etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

# it‘s an example, edit it you like.

#!/bin/bash

# oracle: Start/Stop Oracle Database 12c R1
#
# chkconfig: 345 90 10
# description: The Oracle Database is an Object-Relational Database Management System.
#
# processname: oracle

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

LOCKFILE=/var/lock/subsys/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_USER=oracle

case "$1" in
‘start‘)
    if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 already running.
        exit 1
    fi
    echo -n $"Starting Oracle Database:"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"
    touch $LOCKFILE
    ;;
‘stop‘)
    if [ ! -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 already stopping.
        exit 1
    fi
    echo -n $"Stopping Oracle Database:"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"
    su - $ORACLE_USER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut"
    rm -f $LOCKFILE
    ;;
‘restart‘)
    $0 stop
    $0 start
    ;;
‘status‘)
    if [ -f $LOCKFILE ]; then
        echo $0 started.
    else
        echo $0 stopped.
    fi
    ;;
*)
    echo "Usage: $0 [start|stop|status]"
    exit 1
esac

exit 0

[root@dlp ~]#

755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

--add oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

oracle on