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RMAN恢复数据库实战

时间：2022-03-14 18:00

预设场景：

一般企业数据库的数据都用rman工具进行了全库备份，那么当数据库里面的控制文件，重做日志文件等全部丢失了之后怎么办呢？以下是解答思路：

1、利用全库备份的备份片恢复控制文件

2、恢复数据文件

3、挂载数据库

以下是详细步骤：

1 、先用rman restore备份的全库，找回控制文件：

RMAN> restore controlfile from ‘/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/JIAGULUN/backupset/2016_02_01/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160201T122728_cbxqp0go_.bkp‘;

Starting restore at 01-FEB-16

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/control01.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/control02.ctl

output filename=/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/control03.ctl

Finished restore at 01-FEB-16

RMAN> alter database mount;

database mounted

released channel: ORA_DISK_1

##########################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################################

验证：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/

[oracle@oracle jiagulun]$ ll ----控制文件已找回

total 20688

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:32 control01.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:32 control02.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:32 control03.ctl

#############################################################################################################################################################################################

2、恢复数据文件

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 01-FEB-16

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at 01-FEB-16

allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=155 devtype=DISK

Crosschecked 1 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck backup at 01-FEB-16

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at 01-FEB-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

Crosschecked 8 objects

Finished implicit crosscheck copy at 01-FEB-16

searching for all files in the recovery area

cataloging files...

cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files

=======================

File Name: /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/JIAGULUN/backupset/2016_02_01/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20160201T122728_cbxqp0go_.bkp

using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backupset restore

channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

restoring datafile 00001 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/system01.dbf

restoring datafile 00002 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/undotbs01.dbf

restoring datafile 00003 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/sysaux01.dbf

restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/users01.dbf

restoring datafile 00005 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/example01.dbf

channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/JIAGULUN/backupset/2016_02_01/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160201T122728_cbxqok7r_.bkp

channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1

piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area/JIAGULUN/backupset/2016_02_01/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20160201T122728_cbxqok7r_.bkp tag=TAG20160201T122728

channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25

Finished restore at 01-FEB-16

验证：

[oracle@oracle ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/

[oracle@oracle jiagulun]$ ll

total 911612

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:40 control01.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:40 control02.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 7061504 Feb 1 12:40 control03.ctl

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 104865792 Feb 1 12:37 example01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 262152192 Feb 1 12:37 sysaux01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 503324672 Feb 1 12:37 system01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 36708352 Feb 1 12:37 undotbs01.dbf

-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Feb 1 12:37 users01.dbf

#############################################################################################################################################################################################

RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================

RMAN-03002: failure of alter db command at 02/01/2016 12:41:48

ORA-01152: file 1 was not restored from a sufficiently old backup

ORA-01110: data file 1: ‘/u01/app/oracle/oradata/jiagulun/system01.dbf‘

RMAN> recover database;

Starting recover at 01-FEB-16

using channel ORA_DISK_1

starting media recovery

unable to find archive log