RAC_Oracle集群服务安装前期准备Prepare（案例）

时间：2022-03-14 05:22

2014-07-08 Created By BaoXinjian

一、摘要

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[root@localhost ~]# fdisk -l
Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          38      305203+  83  Linux
/dev/sda2              39        1177     9149017+  83  Linux
/dev/sda3            1178        1305     1028160   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdb doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdc doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sdd doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk /dev/sde doesn‘t contain a valid partition table

二、安装前配置

1. 配置网路

[root@localhost ~]# hostname rac1.gavin.com
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
[root@localhost ~]# service network restart
Shutting down interface eth0:                              [  OK  ]
Shutting down loopback interface:                          [  OK  ]
Bringing up loopback interface:                            [  OK  ]
Bringing up interface eth0:  
Determining IP information for eth0... done.               [  OK  ]
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts
#Public Host Names
192.168.37.145   rac1.gavin.com rac1
192.168.37.144   rac2.gavin.com rac2

#Private Host Names
192.168.1.145   rac1-priv.gavin.com rac1-priv
192.168.1.144   rac2-priv.gavin.com rac2-priv

#Virtual Host Names
192.168.1.45   rac1-vip.gavin.com rac1-vip
192.168.1.44  rac2-vip.gavin.com rac2-vip

[root@rac1 ~]# ping rac1.gavin.com
[root@rac1 ~]# ping rac2.gavin.com

[root@rac1 ~]# vi /etc/sysconfig/ntpd
OPTIONS="-x -u ntp:ntp -p /var/run/ntpd.pid"

2. 设置组和用户

[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 501 oinstall
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 502 dba
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 504 asmadmin
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 506 asmdba
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 507 asmoper
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 501 -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper grid
[root@rac1 ~]# /usr/sbin/useradd -u 502 -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba oracle

[root@rac1 ~]# id oracle
uid=502(oracle) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),502(dba),506(asmdba) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh
[root@rac1 ~]# id grid
uid=501(grid) gid=501(oinstall) groups=501(oinstall),504(asmadmin),506(asmdba),507(asmoper) context=root:system_r:unconfined_t:SystemLow-SystemHigh

3. 配置共享存储

安装ASMLib库

[root@rac1 ~]# uname -a
Linux rac1.gavin.com 2.6.18-53.el5 #1 SMP Mon Nov 12 02:14:55 EST 2007 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/server-storage/linux/downloads/rhel5-084877.html

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[root@rac1 oracleasm]# ls -ltr
total 260
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 131720 Jan 23 22:47 oracleasm-2.6.18-53.el5-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  14176 Jan 23 22:52 oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  90225 Jan 23 22:52 oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# rpm -ivh oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el5.x86_64.rpm > oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm > oracleasm-2.6.18-53.el5-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
warning: oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el5.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 1e5e0159
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:oracleasm-support      ########################################### [ 33%]
   2:oracleasm-2.6.18-53.el5########################################### [ 67%]
   3:oracleasmlib           ########################################### [100%]

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values
will be shown in brackets (‘[]‘).  Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface [grid]: 
Default group to own the driver interface [asmdba]: 
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [y]: 
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: 
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver:                     [  OK  ]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks:               [  OK  ]

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content wont be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): p

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

Command (m for help): n
Command action
   e   extended
   p   primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-652, default 1): 
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-652, default 652): 
Using default value 652

Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 10.7 GB, 10737418240 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 1305 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *           1          38      305203+  83  Linux
/dev/sda2              39        1177     9149017+  83  Linux
/dev/sda3            1178        1305     1028160   82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/sdb: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdc: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdc1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sdd: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdd1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

Disk /dev/sde: 5368 MB, 5368709120 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 652 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sde1               1         652     5237158+  83  Linux

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdb1 bs=1M count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.129025 seconds, 81.3 MB/s
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdc1 bs=1M count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.164202 seconds, 63.9 MB/s
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sdd1 bs=1M count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.09297 seconds, 113 MB/s
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/sde1 bs=1M count=10
10+0 records in
10+0 records out
10485760 bytes (10 MB) copied, 0.068404 seconds, 153 MB/s

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm init
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK1 /dev/sdb1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK2 /dev/sdc1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK3 /dev/sdd1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm createdisk DISK4 /dev/sde1
Writing disk header: done
Instantiating disk: done

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm scandisks
Reloading disk partitions: done
Cleaning any stale ASM disks...
Scanning system for ASM disks...
[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /usr/sbin/oracleasm listdisks
DISK1
DISK2
DISK3
DISK4

4. 保护外壳和用户限制配置

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# vi /etc/pam.d/login
session    required     pam_limit.s

5. 配置内核参数

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 512 x processes
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmen_default = 262144
net.core.wmen_max = 1048576

三、安装Oracle Grid Infrastructure

异常处理

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# /etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.

This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver.  The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have.  The current values
will be shown in brackets (‘[]‘).  Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value.  Ctrl-C will abort.

Default user to own the driver interface [grid]: 
Default group to own the driver interface [asmdba]: 
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [y]: 
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]: 
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver:                     [FAILED]

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
#       enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
#       permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
#       disabled - SELinux is fully disabled.
SELINUX=disabled
# SELINUXTYPE= type of policy in use. Possible values are:
#       targeted - Only targeted network daemons are protected.
#       strict - Full SELinux protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted

[root@rac1 oracleasm]# setenforce 0

Thanks and Regards

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